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Oil Spill impact on wildlife

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  • Description: The Gulf oil disaster put shorebirds, waterfowl and marsh birds at great risk.

    How Many Birds Were Affected by the Gulf Oil Disaster?
    During the six months after the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon, more than 7,000 birds were collected in the spill area, of which nearly 3,000 (about 40%) showed visible signs of oiling.

    Where Did These Numbers Come From?
    This map is based on the consolidated numbers of birds that were reported to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. These records were used to map the animals collected each day. There are minor variations from official government records in the total number of animals shown, for several reasons. The date marked on each map is the date the data were posted online by the government. Since then, a few additional animals have been collected. Furthermore, due to the time needed to process and verify data, animals collected just a week to 10 days prior to the date of data release may have not yet been recorded.

    Was the Oil Spill the Cause of All These Deaths and Injuries?
    These numbers include all birds collected in the oil spill area. While the actual cause of death has yet to be determined for most of the animals, it is clear that a large proportion of the deaths and injuries were related to the oil spill, as the number of animals collected--especially the birds and sea turtles--was far beyond what is usually found in that area.

    Why is the Total Number of Birds Collected Lower than What the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has Reported?
    Each bird collected (dead or alive) was recorded and entered in the USFWS database. According to USFWS, some of the collected live birds later died in captivity and were entered into the database a second time. As a result, USFWS says that approximately 10 percent of the grand total represents live birds that later died, so those individuals are counted twice. Prior to making our maps showing the accumulation of birds collected, we corrected the data set so that birds collected alive that later died were counted only once, and reported as dead birds.

    Will the Total Number of Birds Affected Ever Be Known?
    No. Although the birds tallied in these maps may include some that were injured or died of causes unrelated to the spill, given the vastness of the Gulf others surely disappeared without being observed or collected by authorities. Scientists are also concerned about other impacts on birds that can be even more difficult to discern, ranging from the sub lethal effects of oil exposure on reproduction and other physiological functions, to the loss of important foraging or nesting habitat.

    What Bird Species Were Hit Hardest by the Gulf Oil Disaster?
    The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service released data around the species impacted by the Gulf oil disaster in September, thanks in part to a Freedom of Information Act request submitted by the National Wildlife Federation.

    As of November 30, 2010, the top bird species collected in the spill area were:

    Laughing gull - 3,339
    Brown pelican - 911
    Northern gannet -632
    Royal tern - 348
    Black skimmer - 263

    FAIR USE NOTICE: This video may contain copyrighted material. Such material is made available for educational purposes only. This constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 of the US Copyright Law.
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